茉莉花的綜合利用
施兆鵬 湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)教授、博士生導(dǎo)師 （長(zhǎng)沙 410128）
（湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)茶學(xué)系；湖南省天然產(chǎn)物工程技術(shù)研究中心）摘要：本文就茉莉花的綜合利用問(wèn)題提出了一些看法，旨在全面系統(tǒng)地利用這一寶貴的花源，除用于提制茉莉香料和用于窨制茉莉花茶外，文中指出花渣的再利用。可提制茉莉浸膏，制成茉莉速溶茶粉、茉莉多糖、茉莉花酮等產(chǎn)品，此外還可利用其根與葉制成治療多種疾病的藥物。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出茉莉花茶葉鏈的設(shè)想。
關(guān)鍵詞：茉莉花；花渣利用；茉莉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈The comprehensive Utilization of Jasmine Flower
Shi Zhao-peng, Huang Jian-an, Shi Ying, Chen Jin-hua
（Tea Department of Hu Nan Agricultural University;Hunan Provincial Research Center of Natural Products）
Abstract: In order to comprehensively utilize this precious flower material, the viewpoint about the problem of the comprehensive utilization of Jasmine flower is put forward in this article. Except for being used to extract jasmine perfume and scent jasmine flower tea, it is put forward that the deposed flower is recycled. It can be extracted jasmine concentrated liquid, produced jasmine instant tea powder、jasmine polysaccharides and jasmine flavone. In addition, the root and leaf of jasmine flower can be utilized to produc medicine for curing many kinds of diseases. On this base, the image of industry chain of jasmine flower is put forward.
Key words: jasmine flower; utilization of deposed flower; industry chain of jasmine floweer 茉莉花學(xué)名是Jasminum sambac(L.) Ait，原產(chǎn)于波斯（今伊朗），也有人認(rèn)為原產(chǎn)于印度和阿拉伯之間，約于漢代時(shí)由印度傳入我國(guó)，漢.陸賈《南越行紀(jì)》中記有“南越之境，五谷無(wú)味，百花不香，此二花（指耶溪茗花、茉莉花）特芳香者，源自胡國(guó)移至，不隨水土而變”。晉.嵇含(263-306)《南方草木狀》載有：“耶溪茗花，茉莉花皆胡人自西國(guó)移植于南海。南人憐其芳香，競(jìng)競(jìng)植之”。耶溪茗花是素方花（Jasmine）的音譯名。上述南越、南海系指古時(shí)廣東、福建一帶地方。
茉莉花佛經(jīng)中稱之為“抹麗”，是淹沒(méi)群芳的意思。唐．鄭松崽“風(fēng)韻傳天竺，隨經(jīng)入漢京”。北宋．蔡襄“素馨出南海，萬(wàn)里求商舶，團(tuán)欒茉莉叢，繁香暑中折”。茉莉隨佛教由天竺（印度）傳入，可能是先在海南島，有海南島再傳入福建、廣東等地，現(xiàn)在福建、廣東、廣西、湖南、浙江、江蘇、云南、四川等省都有茉莉花生產(chǎn)，在我國(guó)年產(chǎn)鮮花量約為6萬(wàn)噸，其中廣
